Grade 5
Students use pen-and-paper models and a computer simulation to solve a puzzle: how can water take up more space as it freezes but weigh the same amount? The teacher’s careful choices regarding which resources to put into conversation with one another support her students to make progress on developing an explanation.

Grade 2
Maya and her classmates draw on materials and gestures as they develop mechanistic explanations of maple seed travel.

Grade 2
Lauren uses a read aloud to help students build from their investigation findings toward an explanation of why cake batter becomes (and stays) solid after being baked.​